Flexible roofing-tile



(No Model.) g

L'4 B. SNOW.

y FLEXIBLE EOOEING TILE. l

N0,- 320,979.I Patented June 30,y 1885v n puns. mmuwgnym. wmingxm n. c.

LEXOR B. SNOW, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

FLEXIBLE ROOFING-TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,979, dated June 30, 1885.

Application tiled November 6, 1884.

- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Lnxon B. SNOW, a citizen of the United States, residing at (lleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flexible Roofing-Tiles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a description of the same, and of the manner of constructing and usingthe invention, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it appertains to construct and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, the principle ofthe invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention is of a flexible roofing-tile, fabricated and treated with a protecting and preserving solution, and provided with a fastener at its weather or lower end, as hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View of the tile aslocated on the roof. Fig. 2 is a detail bottom view of the outer layer, showing a lip on its weather end. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of Fig. l, on the line of xx, showing the various layers and the fasteners. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of one of the tiles. Fig. 5 shows a modification, with a metallic fastening. Fig. 6 is another modification, in longitudinal section, showing a T-fastening. Fig. 7 is a detail of tiles located on the roof, with portions of the upper layers broken away to show the application of the T-fastener.

In Fig. l A is a located tile. In Fig 3 A2 is the outer layer; B, the under layer of all,

and C a sectional layer located between the of said layer that are exposed to the weather, and extends slightly upward beyond the line of said exposure, and is also folded over the side edges and lapped upon the under face of said layer. A portion of said textile also covers the outer face of lip a, or it may, independently of a, form of itself the lip d.

The process of the manufacture of my tile is substantially as follows: The body-layers specified, being suitably prepared of material mentioned, are thoroughly saturated or treated with a solution of asphalt or coal-tar or equivalent mixed with ground mica, plumbago, soapstone, fire-clay, aslestus, or the like, so that they are adapted thereby-to resist both moisture and lire, and also to adhere together as one compact fabric. layer, A, is applied to the other layer or layers the textile l) is stretched over the weather-exposed portions of said layer, and its edges-are folded over the edges of said layer and lapped ou to its under surface, and the lip d of the textile covers lip a, thereby affording additional protection to itself and to a. Wh'en said textile is so applied to said layer and made to adhere to it by means of the mixture mentioned, the said layer is laid normally upon thev other layers, forming thereby a compact tile. After this the textile is treated with an exterior coat of the same mixture, upon and into which is embedded an adequate coating of sand, which adds to the good wearing and protecting surface of the tile. made, covered, saturated, and dried, is ready for location on the roof. In its application to the roof, the tile is first placed with its nor- Before, however, the outer The tile so f mal upper end downward and with its normal under side uppermost, and in that position the lip is nailed to the roof, whereupon the tile is turned over upon said lip to its normal place,when it is itself nailed to the roof. In this way also the nail that holds the lip is`shielded from the weather. The special function of said lip is to hold the weather end of the tile tight down upon the roof to prevent the tile to which it is attached from being lifted at said point by wind, storm, frost, heat, or other cause.

Of a tile so made and applied, the advantages are manifest. ibility is of great importance, as it dts it to roo 35 place.

ro they form a roof unusually safe from the disturbance of winds, driving storms, or other agencies; and, also, Athewholfabric is of comparatively small cost.

It is to be understood that in practical use i 5 I am not confined to any denite and exclusive number of the layers that compose the tile; nor to any exclusive form or shape of the tile 5 nor to any particular textile for the outer covering; nor to any exclusive dimensions of 2o theintermediate layer or layers; nor to a textile lip as an indispensable part of my invention. In lieu of said textile lip I may use al strip of tin or other flexible metal, said strip being partially inserted between any two of the layers, and then bent and nailed tothe roo/f in the same manner as is the lip. Such a metallic lip is shown atf in Fig. 5, or, dispensing with a lip, I may use a metallic T-fastener, g. (Shown in Fig. 6.) Said fastener hasv one po rtion of it inserted vertically through one of the body-layers of the tile, and said portion being provided with divergent prongs, said prongs are then bent horizontally, by which means the said fastener is securely held in Said fastener, by its divergent prongs at its operating end, forms open slideways for the edges of the contiguous tiles, into which the said edges are slid or fitted, as the superposed tile with its fasteneris normallylocated;

to or said fastenermay be secured to the said layer or layers of the tile in any other suitable way. Said T-fastener and said other metallic fastener fulfil the same function that does the textile lip described. y

The special functions of the partial interior layer are to increase the thickness of the wearing portions of the tile, and to leave the upper/and protected portions of the tile more inV tapering form, whereby the tile is adapted S0 to lie in more compactly or closely with its connected tiles. V

I am aware that heretofore roofing material has been made flexible and treated with dressings to protect it from moisture and fire; but

,5 I am not aware that such material or materials so treated has or have been formed into distinct and separate tiles like mine, adapted to be placed upon a roof as shingles or slates are placed, and to be nailed as they are nailed;

o also, I claim my weather-end devices for fasteners as new.

What I claim is 1. A roofing-tile composed of layers treated with a protecting and preserving solution,

5 the exposed surface of the tile having an independent covering, substantially as set forth.

5. A roofing-tile consisting of layers suit- `ably attached to each other and protected by a solution against moisture and heat,the outer one of said layers provided with a flexiblelip at its weather end, for purposes substantially set forth and described.

6. A roofing-tile consisting of layers of felt, or its equivalent, said layers saturated and cemented together by a water-resisting and a heat-resisting solution, said tile covered in all its weatherexposed portions with a textile saturated with the same mixture that is applied to the said layers, said tile being pro vided at its weather end with. ailexible lip, substantially as set forth.

7. A roofing-tile composed of three or more layers, saturated with a preserving and protecting solution, one interior layer or more being partial and extending rearward only slightly beyond the line of the weather-exposure of the tile, the exterior one of said layers being covered in all its weather portions by a painted and sanded textile, said textile being provided with a projecting and flexible lip, substantially as set forth.

8. In a roofing-tile, the combination, with two or more layers saturated and cemented together by a protecting solution and an exterior weather covering of cloth, paint, and sand, Vof an intermediate layer between these said other portions, said layer also treated with a similar protecting solution and provided with a projecting flexible lip at its weather extremity, said lip also saturated, painted, or covered,substantially as set forth.

9. A roofing-tile made as described and provided at its Weather end with a device whereby said end may be tightly bound down to the roof or to a subjacent tile, for the purposes set forth.

10. A flexible roofing-tile composed of a material that adapts it to receive a solution by which it powerfully resists fracture,moist ure, and heat, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing to be myinvention, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of October, A. D. 1884.

LEXOR B. SNOW.

IIO 

